Batarbek M. Maliev was born on April 30, 1950 in the settlement of Chikola, Iraksky District of Northern Ossetia Republic in the family of a primary school teacher. In 1967 he graduated from Chikola Secondary School, for his successful study he was awarded with a silver medal and he entered Northern Ossetian State Medical Institute. He started to work at his 4th year of study as a nurse in the intensive case ward of Clinical Hospital of Emergency Care.
After he graduated from the medical institute in 1973 and from internship in 1974 he worked as an anesthesiologist in Mozdok Central District Hospital, and from 1977 to 1980 he worked as a phthisiobronchologist in Northern Ossetain Republican TB Dispensary.
Then he entered the clinical residency in Moscow Tuberculosis Research Institute by the Russian Ministry of Health and successfully graduated from it in 1982 and entered the part-time candidate programme in the same institute. Here he received deep knowledge about scientific approaches to pulmonary tuberculosis treatment, developed new treatment techniques and summarized the results in the candidate's thesis titled as Correction of Therapy for Those Suffering from Pulmonary Tuberculosis Complicated by Non-Specific Endobronchitis Considering the Activity of Proteinase Inhibitory System of Bronchial Mucous, which was defended in 1984. He continued to work as a doctor in Northern Ossetian Republican TB Dispensary where he came back after graduation from the part-time candidate programme.
In 1985 Dr. Maliev with his family moved to Moscow and started to work as a full time doctor of Tuberculosis Research Institute. In 1986 the Academic Council of the Institute appointed him to the position of Head of Endoscopic Department. In 1989 he became a leading researcher and 1991 a chief researcher of Tuberculosis Research Institute. He was deeply involved into development laser therapy methods for treatment of various forms of tuberculosis, he participated into their introduction into practice. At the same times he worked on his doctor's thesis titled as follows: Endobronchial Laser Phototherapy in Pulmonary Tuberculosis; and he successfully defended it in 1991.
Batarbek M. Maliev is a recognized doctor and researcher investigating the most recent techniques of laser treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. He is a founder and developer of a new school in the Russian Federation on using various lasers in treatment of tuberculosis patients. He was the academic advisor of 19 Candidate's theses and 1 Doctor's thesis, all of them were successfully defended. He wrote more 100 research papers, including 5 inventions, more than 10 guidelines and handbooks for practical doctors. He prepared and had published Monograph on Lasers in Phthisiopulmonology.
Dr. Maliev and his followers developed and successfully introduced new methods of treatment of severe forms of pulmonary tuberculosis with various concurrent conditions: diabetes, asthma, peptic ulcer and mycotic lesions of respiratory tract etc.
The participation of Dr. Maliev in the organisation of tuberculosis control in various Russian regions is also highly valuable. The contribution of Dr. Maliev into healthcare of Northern Ossetia is fairly significant.  It includes reconstruction and equipping the bacteriological laboratory of Republican TB Dispensary and 14 clinical diagnostic laboratories with new diagnostic equipment funded within the project of International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; more than 10 field training sessions for professional development of laboratory doctors and phthisiologists of the Republic; running the regional scientific practical conference on tuberculosis control efficiency enhancement for 13 territories of Sourthern and Northern Caucasus in 2008, in which leading Russian phthisiologists participated headed by Academician M.I. Perelman. Dr. Batarbek Maliev considers that one of his achievements is the enrollment of Northern Ossetia Republic into the 3 year Global Fund project on free provision of anti-tuberculosis drugs for treatment of patients with multiple drug resistance.
From 2003 to 2010 Prof. Maliev was the Deputy on Research of Academician M.I. Perelman - Director of Phthisiopulmonology Research Institute by I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy  After Academician M.I. Perelman left his position due to his age he recommended Dr. Maliev as his successor. He worked as Director of Phthisiopulmonology Research Institute for more than 6 months and then retired. In June 2013 he was invited by the government of Northern Ossetia Republic and became the Head of Republican TB Control Service and newly organized Phthisiology, X-Ray Diagnostics and Treatment Department of Northern Ossetia State Medical Academy. He is Head Phthisiologist of Ministry of Health of Northern Osetia.